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Acid Bath
- A term used in heat treating and tempering of steel.
Acrylic
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A thermoplastic resin, created by mixing proportionate parts of plastic
components together, used for cast and molded parts; can be clear or colored.
Adalox Paper
- Trade name of Norton Co. Grit paper of Carborundum ranging in mesh from 220 to
1200 used for sanding and finishing. The higher the number, the finer the grit.
Adz
- Type of double-sided swing tool used to reduce large geometric areas from
logs.
Aging
- The process wherein a molecular change occurs with a moist or oil-base clay
causing a physical reaction to the nature of the material.
Air Floated
- A process that eliminates foreign
particles from a clay body, making it pure or refined.
Alabaster
- A gypsum stone indigenous to Spain, Italy, and the Northwest United States. It
can be opaque, translucent, colored, or banded; a dense calcite. A medium-grade
carving stone.
Alcohol
- Colorless flammable liquid used as a thinning agent or solvent; used to thin
or remove shellac from a model.
Alcohol Lamp
- Used to heat modeling tools for wax detailing; alcohol fueled with wick or
possible spout for flame direction.
Alginate
- A derivative of marine algae used in mold making and casting; used for small
flat items only because of its tendency to tear or rip.
Alloy
- Metal compounds fused together when molten to form bronze for casting.
Different component parts will result in different types of bronze.
Almaloy Wire
– Also known as aluminum wire. Pliable aluminum wire used for internal
support of sculptures; in gauges ranging from 1/16 inches to 3/8 inches.
Aluminum
- Malleable light silver-colored metal that resists oxidation (discoloration
such as patina).
Amorphous
- Having no defined shape or form such as free form sculpture.
Anatomical
- Structural make-up of human or animal body parts.
Anneal
- To heat and cool steel so that the metal is not brittle.
Apron
- Generally cotton, duck, canvas or leather used for protection against clay,
plaster and dirt in the classroom or studio.
Arch
- To form or bend into a desired shape as in architecture.
Argillaceous
- Containing clay or clay minerals.
Arc Welding
- Molding steel or metal with electrical current.
Arkansas Stone
– Sharpening stone used to hone wood and stone carving tools
Armature
- An internal support to hold the outer covering of a sculpture; may be made of
various materials such as wood, wax, steel, but generally almaloy or aluminum
wire.
Armature Wire
– See Almaloy Wire.
Art Plaster
- Trade name of U.S. Gypsum Co. A gypsum material with an extremely high
absorption rate primarily used in ceramic slip casting molds.
Artware
- Trade name of Sculpture House Inc.; a low-fire ceramic moist clay that
vitrifies at Cone 04.
Atelier
- Studio or workshop, usually of an artist, derived from French.
Autoclave
– Apparatus in which using superheated steam under extreme pressure for
purification purposes.
Aventurine
- A type of translucent quartz with traces of mica throughout.
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